![](https://pro2-bar-s3-cdn-cf.myportfolio.com/72f8bd40-c5d1-44e6-ad7b-d628492b7338/88fe7132-64e7-4d64-abab-e3180ea57f0e_rw_3840.jpg?h=cff34eb31d19193070d507d5649a07ef)
![](https://pro2-bar-s3-cdn-cf1.myportfolio.com/72f8bd40-c5d1-44e6-ad7b-d628492b7338/90993a1e-04f8-4ab5-b077-048e2192d88e_rw_3840.jpg?h=9281b1759bb15fe767e61a0990983d33)
![](https://pro2-bar-s3-cdn-cf.myportfolio.com/72f8bd40-c5d1-44e6-ad7b-d628492b7338/bbf39cf4-18cf-45ab-b672-f9edda58bd2e_rw_3840.jpg?h=a61a86dbcc865f0ca955cd3cf0967669)
![](https://pro2-bar-s3-cdn-cf3.myportfolio.com/72f8bd40-c5d1-44e6-ad7b-d628492b7338/404d7553-7daa-43c5-88f1-39b1bd4ec336_rw_3840.jpg?h=a90bc9b33a9617d324081b573b434878)
![](https://pro2-bar-s3-cdn-cf.myportfolio.com/72f8bd40-c5d1-44e6-ad7b-d628492b7338/875a3b93-ae55-4ffd-bd0f-7c8848ff52fc_rw_3840.jpg?h=1a60320d19e99c87d7c1615e8357bc79)
![](https://pro2-bar-s3-cdn-cf3.myportfolio.com/72f8bd40-c5d1-44e6-ad7b-d628492b7338/ef736d13-2af6-41ec-9e0b-ab82ec1e29e5_rw_3840.jpg?h=d5e08f49c34845874ffc1b65f86a749f)
Networks
![](https://pro2-bar-s3-cdn-cf3.myportfolio.com/72f8bd40-c5d1-44e6-ad7b-d628492b7338/e2d3e0ea-18a2-4522-b347-f67bc4e41cfb_rw_3840.jpg?h=dcb8ec0ded0d44fe63702669ba72d846)
Borders
![](https://pro2-bar-s3-cdn-cf1.myportfolio.com/72f8bd40-c5d1-44e6-ad7b-d628492b7338/2ac1d060-d475-4a27-bceb-9dab458e89f7_rw_3840.jpg?h=478eeca0a6040a8bd9daa8b01bff0a33)
Difference
![](https://pro2-bar-s3-cdn-cf.myportfolio.com/72f8bd40-c5d1-44e6-ad7b-d628492b7338/1143e9e8-7c83-4102-9b06-ad2c9920ffea_rw_3840.jpg?h=48f9e3284a717883b8d024eb29a650ad)
New Urban Portrait of Bay Area
![](https://pro2-bar-s3-cdn-cf4.myportfolio.com/72f8bd40-c5d1-44e6-ad7b-d628492b7338/529af727-3e0d-4975-a8ce-22c7ece53a42_rw_3840.jpg?h=186ed229af955685d12c5ac8d72527c9)
This research proposes the concept of the Open Urban System, which advances the hypothesis that the urbanization process is co-evolving with highly complex human–nature dynamics, and which recognizes the importance of emerging transitional urban patterns—Territories-in-Between (TiB).